DIPHTHONG AND MONOTHONG , VOWELS AND CONSONANTS, PRONUNCIATION

MONOPHTHONG AND DIPHTHONG

   VOWELS AND CONSONANTS

      

The English Alphabet consists 

of 26 letters: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z.

Vowels - Only five A,E,I,O,U

             Sound

Vowels create 20 sound

 In which 12 monophthong

And 8 Diphthong 

Consonants are 21 and create 24 sounds

Total 20+24 = 44 sounds.

 Transcription

Vowel sounds  (स्वर्)

Monophthongs. /i:/ /ɪ/ /e/ /æ/ /a:/ /ɒ/ /ᴐ:/ /ʊ/ /u:/ /ʌ/ /ɜ:/ /ə/

Diphthongs. /ɪə/ /ʊə/ /eə/ /eɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /aɪ/ /aʊ/ /əʊ/

Long Vowels( monophthong)

 1-  /a:/  (आ) a arm

Palm /pa:m/, पाम

Calm /ka:m/ काम

,Cart /ka:t   काट

2-   /u:/  (ऊ) (o, oo, ew, ue, u_e, oe, ough, ui, oew, ou/)

Eg.who, loon, dew, blue, flute, shoe, through, fruit, 

3- /ʊ/ उ 

(o, oo, u,ou )

wolf, look, bush, would

4- /ɔː/ (ओ()(aw, a, or, oor, ore, oar, our, augh, ar, ough, au) paw, ball, fork, poor, fore, board, four, taught, war, bought, sauce

 Cause /kɔːz/ कोज

,Call /kɔːl/, कोल

all /ɔːl/ ओल

5-

/i:/ (ई) (e, ee, ea, y, ey, oe, ie, i, ei, )

be, bee, meat, lady,

 Read /ri:d/, रीड

Seat   /si:t/, सीट

Wheat /wi:t/ वीट

Short Vowels

6-   /ɪ/ (इ)(i, e, o, u, ui, y, ie)

it, england, women, busy, guild, gym, sieve

Pin,sit,sit,

7-  /ɜː/ (अ) (ir, er, ur, ear, or, our, yr)

bird, term, burn, pearl, word, journey, myrtle

Earn /ɜːn/,अन

UseTurn /tɜːn/  टन

8-  /æ/ ऐ a, ai, au

, plaid, laugh

Cat, kæt 

black blæk

9-  / ʌ / (अ) (u, o, oo, ou)

Fun, fʌn

love, lʌv

money, mʌni:

10-  / ɒ / (आ)(a, ho, au, aw, ough)

swan, honest, maul, slaw, fought

Rob, rɒb ,

top, tɒp

watch, wɒtʃ

11-  / e / (ए ) (e, ea, u, ie, ai, a, eo, ei,

ae)

end, bread, bury, friend, said, many, leopard, heifer

12- / ə / (अ्)(a, er, i, ar, our, ur)

about, ladder, pencil, dollar, honour,Alive, again, mother,

There are eight diphthongs commonly used in English. They are: 

1- /eɪ/, (एइ) (a, ai, eigh, aigh, ay, er, et, ei, au, a_e, ea, ey)

bay, maid, weigh, straight, pay, foyer, filet, eight, gauge, mate, break, they

name late aim 

2- /aɪ/, (आई)(i, y, igh, ie, uy, ye, ai, is, eigh, i_e)

spider, sky, night, pie, guy, stye, aisle, island,

  my,idea, time

3- /əʊ/, (अउ) 

go, home,show

4- /aʊ/, (आउ) (ow, ou, ough)

now, shout, bough,out,cow

5- /ɔɪ/, (आइ)  (oi, oy, uoy)

join, boy, buoy, boy, noise toy.

6-  /ɪə/, (इअ)  (ear, eer, ere, ier)

ear, steer, here, tier

hear,bear,tear,

7-  /eə/, (एअ)(air, are, ear, ere, eir) chair, dare, pear, where, their, prayer

 

8- /ʊə/. (एउ)(ure, our)

cure, tourist,pure,fewer

Consonant ( व्यंजन)

1-/ f / (फ ) f, ff, ph, gh, lf, ft

Full, Friday, fish, phone, enough, 

2-/ v / (व् ) Vest, village, view, 

3-/ θ / (ठ्) th thongs

Thought, think, Bath. 

4-/ ð / (द्) th leather

There, those,brothers,

5-/ z /  (ज) 

(z, zz, s, ss, x,ze,se)zed, buzz, his, scissors, xylophone, craze

Zoo, crazy, lazy, nose.

6-/ ʃ /श (sh, ce, s, ci, si, ch, sci, ti)sham, ocean, sure, special, pension, machine, conscience, station

 Shirt, rush, shop, cash.

7-/ ʒ / (ज़) (s, si, z) treasure, division, azure

Television, delusion, casual

8- / h / (ह) High, help, hello.

Consonants Sounds: Plosives

IPA Symbol Word examples

9-/ p / ( प) Pin, cap, purpose, pause.

10-/ b / b, bb

(ब़) Bag, bubble, build, robe.

11- / t / (ठ्) t, tt, th, ed

tip, matter, thomas, ripped

Time, train, tow,.

12- / d /(ड) d, dd, ed

dad, add, milled

Door, day, drive,

13- / k /(ख़) (k, c, ch, cc, lk, qu ,q(u), ck, x)

kit, cat, chris, accent, folk, bouquet, queen, rack, box

Cash, quick, cricket, sock.

14- / g / (ग) (g, gg, gh,gu,gue)

, egg, ghost, guest, prologue(

15- / ʈʃ /(च़)(ch, tch, tu, ti, te) chip, watch, future, action, righteous

Choose, cheese, church, watch.

16- / dʒ /(ज) (j, ge, g, dge, di, gg)

jam, wage, giraffe, edge, soldier, exaggerateJoy, juggle, juice, stage.

 Nasal sounds

17- / m /(म) (m, mm, mb, mn, lm)man, summer, comb, column, palm

18- / n / ( न) n, nn,kn, gn, pn net, funny, know, gnat, pneumonic

 

19- / ŋ /(इं) (ng, n, ngue)

ring, pink, tongue

King, thing, song, swimming

20-  / r /.(र्)(r, rr, wr, rh )

run, carrot, wrench, rhyme

21- / j /  य   (y, i, j )

you, onion, hallelujah

 Yellow, usual, tune,

22- /w/ (व) w, wh, u, o

wit, why, quick, choir

Wall, walk, wine,.

23- / l /  (ल) l, ll live, well

Law, lots, leap, long, 

24-/s /   (स) since,rice 

CLGautam

English Confluence 

C L GAUTAM

(English confluence)