9th Eng Ch-6 My Childhood by APJ Abdul Kalam, Vocabulary/Annotations

9th Eng Ch-6 My Childhood by APJ Abdul Kalam, Vocabulary/Annotations

October 08, 2024

Ch-6 My Childhood by A.P.J. Abdul Kalam

1-Middle-class = average income, neither poor/rich (मध्य वर्ग) 2- Island = land in water, isolated area (द्वीप), 3-Erstwhile = former, previous (पूर्व), 4-Formal = official, customary (औपचारिक) ,

5-Despite = in spite of, notwithstanding (के बावजूद) , 6-Disadvantages = shortcomings, drawbacks (कमियाँ) 7-Innate = inborn, natural (जन्मजात) 8-Generosity = kindness, largesse (उदारता) ,

9-Ideal = model, standard (आदर्श). 10-Helpmate = assistant, companion (सहायक) 11-Recall = remember, retrieve (याद करना) , 12-Undistinguished = plain, common (सामान्य) 13-Handsome = attractive, fine (सुंदर) 14-Ancestral = hereditary, familial (पूर्वज) 15-Limestone = calcite rock, white stone (चूना पत्थर) 16-Austere=simple, stern (सादा) 17-Inessential = non-essential, extra (अनावश्यक)

18-Luxuries = indulgences, extravagances (ऐश्वर्य) , 19-Secure = safe, protected (सुरक्षित) 20-Materially = tangibly, physically (वास्तविक रूप से) ,

21-Emotionally = sentimentally, with feeling (भावनात्मक) ,

22-Autobiography = life story, memoir (आत्मकथा) 23-Tamil = Dravidian, from Tamil Nadu (तमिल) 24-Wealth = riches, assets (धन). 25-Outsiders = non-members, strangers (बाहरी लोग)

26- Ancestral house = family home, heritage (पैतृक घर)

27-Brick = masonry, clay block (ईंट) 28-Comforts = amenities, facilities (सुविधाएं) , 29- Tamarind seeds = edible seeds from tamarind (इमली के बीज) 30- Provision shop = general store (राशन की दुकान) ,

31-Princely sum = generous amount (आलीशान राशि) – as you provided ,

32-Anna = old Indian coin, six paise (आना) – as you provided

33-Dinamani = Tamil daily newspaper (दीनमणि) 34- Allied Forces = World War 2nd alliance against Axis (सहयोगी सेनाएँ) 35-State of emergency = crisis situation (आपात स्थिति) 36-Suspension = temporary stoppage (स्थगन) , 37-Dhanuskodi = tip of Rameswaram (धनुषकोड़ी) 38-Wages = payment for work (मजदूरी)

39-Socio-economic = relating to society and economy (सामाजिक-आर्थिक) ,

40-Inherited = received by genetic transfer (विरासत में प्राप्त)

41-Authority = influential figures (प्राधिकृत व्यक्ति) ,

42-pilgrims = Religious travelers (तीर्थयात्री) ,

43-idols = Images for worship (प्रतिमाएँ) ,

44-Prophet = Messenger of God (पैगंबर) ,

45-ceremony = Formal event (समारोह)

46- pond = Small body of water (तालाब) ,

47-elementary school = Basic school for early education (प्राथमिक विद्यालय)

48-sacred thread – Ceremonial string, Religious band (जनेऊ) ,

49-stomach – Tolerate, Bear (सहन करना) ,

50-priest – Religious leader, Cleric (पुजारी) , 51-accordance – Conformity, Agreement (अनुसार) ,

52-downcast – Dejected, Despondent (उदास) , 53-lasting impression – Strong memory, Deep effect (चिरस्थायी प्रभाव)

54-communal intolerance – Sectarian bias, Religious prejudice (सांप्रदायिक असहिष्णुता) ,

55-apologise – Express regret, Seek forgiveness (माफी मांगना) ,

56-regret – Feel sorry, Lament (पछताना) ,

57-conviction – Firm belief, Certainty (दृढ़ विश्वास)

58-reformed – Improved, Rectified (सुधारित).

58- rigid – Strict, Inflexible (कठोर), 59-segregation – Separation, Division (अलगाव), 60-orthodox – Traditional, Conservative (पारंपरिक), 61-rebel – Dissenter, Non-conformist (विद्रोही), 62-barriers – Obstacles, Hurdles (बाधाएँ), 63- backgrounds – Origins, Histories (पृष्ठभूमि, 64-mingle – Mix, Associate (मिलाना), 65-ritually – Religiously, Ceremonially (रस्म से), 66-perturbed – Disturbed, Anxious (चिंतित),

67-serve – Cater, Provide (सेवा करना) 68-confronted – Faced, Encountered (सामना करना),

69-optimism – Hopefulness, Positivity (आशावाद),

70-Statement - a respected politician

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