MODAL VERBS AND THEIR USEWith full Sentences,

MODAL VERBS AND THEIR USE

       

“Modals ऐसी सहायक क्रियाएँ होती हैं जिनका प्रयोग वाक्य में मुख्य क्रिया के साथ किया जाता है ताकि किये जाने वाले कार्य की समर्थता, सम्भावना, निश्चितता, इजाज़त और आवश्यकता व्यक्त की जा सके।”

A modal verb is a type of verb that is used to indicate modality/ mood of the speaker-that is: 

likelihood, (संभावना )ability, (योग्यता) permission, इजाजत) request, (निवेदन capacity,(समर्थता)suggestions, (सुझाव) )order (आदेश) obligation,( कृतज्ञता)or advice. (सलाह)

Modal verbs always accompany the base (infinitive,v1) form of another verb .

the modal verbs commonly used are- can/May(सकता है )

could/Might (सका/सकता था) must, (अवश्य) 

will/shall (v1-गा,गे ,गी) should/ought to (चाहिए )and sometimes need (जरूरत)or dare ( हिम्मतकरना)

Note- 1-Modals requires first form of the verb.

2- Modals are free from Number, singular or plural,( I, II, III person)

They can be used with all.

3-Modals are used before main verb.

4-Modals express something about action verb/ main verb.

3- Use "to" after 'used'or 'ought'

 Use of Modals

*May* stands for permission

1-May I go now?

2-May I borrow your pen?

3-May I come in?

*Informal "request"

1-May I have the salt, please?

2-May I borrow your pen.

*Possibility"

1- The sky is cloudy,it may rain today.

2-He may win the prize.

*Wish"

1-You may live long!

2-May God bless you!

*Might" for request politeness-

1-Might I borrow your golden necklace.

2-Might I talk to principal.

*Might" is the past of may-

1- He asked if he might come in.

2-He said it might rain that day

 *Use of "Can"  

Used for Permission

1-Can I borrow your bike?

2-Can I sit there?

 *Can stands For "Ability"

1-I can speak English.

2-You can lift this box

3-She can dance

4-I can do it.

Can stands for  simple "Request"

1-Can I keep it for a day?

2-Can you help me plz?

3-Can I go to washroom?

4-Can you tell me the secret?

Can stands for "possibility"

1-He can come.

2-One mistake can spoil the system.

Can stands for "offer"

1-Can I carry your bag?

2-How can I help you?

"Capacity" and "capability"

1-I can solve this puzzle.

2-He can read without glasses.

3-Can you speak French?

Use of Could/would( more "politeness/ Appeal"

1-Could/ would you give me your umbrella?

2- Could/Would you open the door, please?

Would/could you let me go?

 *Could is used for "Past ability"-

1-When I was young,I could run very fast?

* Unreal condition-

1-If I had more money, I could build a temple.

2-If I had wings ,I could fly the Himalayas.

 Use of Shall/ Will-

According to traditional grammar, 'will' is use for II and III Person and 'Shall' is used with first person.If it is used opposite,in that case it expresses, determination, (दृढता) threat (धमकी), warning, (चेतावनी)promise. (वादा)

For Eg. 

1-He shalll pay you on Monday ((promise)

1-He shall work hard to achieve success.

(Determination)

1-You shall be punished if you don't work properly.( Warning)

2-I will see you.( Threat/warning)

Formal request

1-Will you close the door? 

2-Will you bring me a glass of water?

Stand for possibility/ probability

1-He will be in the park.

2-Principal will not sanction your leave.

3-On 15th August, school will be closed.

Simple Invitation-

Eg. 1-Will you stay for lunch?

2-Would you like to have lunch with us.

(More polite)

Instructions/ command

1-You will deliver the speech.

2-The girls will not wear the shorts.

Should-

'Should' is used for (duty)

responsibility, advice, expectations,moral obligation, presumption,etc.

1-You should obey your elders.( Duty)

2-You should obey your parents (moral obligation)

3-The rich should help the poor (expectations)

1-We should work hard.( Advice)

2-You should be worried about   me.(Presumption)

'Would' stands more polite 

1-Would you open the door? (potite request)

2-Would you Accompany me to the hall?

(Potite request.)

1-He would be in the field.(Likelihood)

2-He would be around 90 now (presumption)

Conditional sentences

1-If he had come to me I Would have given him a job.

2-If She had asked me ,I would have helped her.

Unreal conditional sentences

1-If I had wings I would fly to Europe.

2-If I were the king I would make you My P.A.

Use of Must

Must is used for present and future,it has no past tense,' indirect speech' must is converted into' had to.'

Must is used for- Command, compulsion, and order

1-Soldiers must obey orders without any question.

2-All the girls must attend the meeting.

3-You must do as you are told.

Must is used for moral duty/ obligation

1-We must respect our elders.

2-You must help your friends in need.

Must is used to express- necessity, urgency, circumstantial compulsion

1-I must leave now otherwise I may miss the train

2-You must complete your work before function.

Must not- Prohibition/ advice

Students must not resort to copying.(prohibition).

1-You must not miss the classes.(advice)

2-Visitors must not feed the animals.(Prohibition)

1-He must be seventy now                      ( likelihood)

Need is used with ordinary verb and modal auxiliary verb. that's why is called semi- modal or marginal modal

Use as modal-

Interrogative and negative

1-He need not talk to me

2-You needn't wear a tie.

3-Need he talk to her?

4-Need I wear turban?

As a question…

1-Need I go there?

2-Need he play here?

Used to-

Used to is only in past habits not in present.

S+ used to+ v +o

1-He used to play chess at college.(Affirmative)

2-He didn't use to play chess at college.((negative)

3-He used not to play chess at college. ((Negative)

1-Used he to play chess at college?(Interrogative)

2-Did he use to play chess at college?(Interrogative)

3-He used to smoke and drink.

4-When I was a teenager I used to dance.

Don't confuse with" to be used" accustomed to something in present.

1-I am used to be waking up early. 

2-You are used to work hard.

3-I am used to take tea in the morning.

Use of Dare.

It is used with both principal verb and modal verbs known as semi- modal

1-He dare not say like this.

2-I dare not talk to the chairman.

3-Dare I talk to the chairman?

**-Dare with How. Express surprise, anger and shock

5-How dare you speak like this?

6-How dare my wife leave without my permission?

7-How dare he say so?

8-Nobody dare to comment like this.

As a principal verb

1-He dares to oppose you.

2-He doesn't dare to refuse me.

3-Does he dare to talk with you?

 Use of Daresay/ dare say means perhaps, it is expected.

1-I dare say he will come.

2-I daresay it will rain.

Use of Ought to/ Should approx. Similar.

Advice/ morale duty/ morale obligation.

1-You ought to consult a physician.((Advice)

2-We ought to respect our parents.

(Morale duty)

3-We ought to help our friends.

(Morale obligation.)

Negative.

4-You ought not to treat your friends like this.

5-Children ought not to watch T.V.so long.

6-You ought not to smoke so much.

Modal/ 

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https://youtu.be/IV1xp6HXoPQ?si=29Aufdidnb17fzq8

Antonyms 1- 100

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http://englishscholarhubclgautam.blogspot.com/2024/03/for-tgtpgt-antonyms-very-very-impone-to.html

Daily uses Sentences 

https://youtu.be/dkRiUBhYcqA?si=hs1KC3gvysFY3PtT

https://youtu.be/70SZeEyo9yo?si=XLrODdzjfmFoe7Fx

https://englishscholarhubclgautam.blogspot.com/2024/02/class-5th-to-12-eng-all-grades-for.html

Causative sentences 

https://youtu.be/70SZeEyo9yo?si=lum-jJSnxi9lnKFj

SYNONYMS SET-1 पर्यायवाची FOR ALL EXAMS AND TESTS 1-50 ,

                 CLGautam

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